Fetus-in-fetu in Botswana

Abstract

Fetus-in-fetu is a medical term that describes a fetus implanted within its twin, on whom it is entirely dependent for its survival through a vascular connection. It occurs in about 1 in 500,000 live births. So far, there are just under 100 cases that have been reported in the medical literature. We report about a first case of fetus-in-fetu in a full-term baby born in Botswana. We also review the medical literature regarding this diagnosis. We conclude that all fetus-in-fetu cases should be managed with extreme caution as if they; were teratomas, in view of the latter's malignant potential. Early surgery of the host twin; should be the primary consideration. It would be prudent if gravid women with suspicious; abdominal findings on antenatal ultrasound were delivered in a referral centre, as this would; lead to better care and survival of the infant with fetus-in-fetu.